Everyone is well aware of the recent
history and political developments of the island of Cyprus. However, despite all
the efforts of the international community, a solution could not be found to the
conflict that arose between the Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots.
The recently proposed Foundation Agreement
in the "Comprehensive Settlement of the Cyprus Problem", known as the Annan
Plan, was submitted to separate and simultaneous referanda on 24 April 2004. The
Turkish Cypriot people approved the plan by an overwhelming 65% of the votes
clearly demonstrating once again that their expressed will is in favour of a
comprehensive settlement based on bi-zonality and the political equality of the
two peoples, whereas 76% of the Greek Cypriot people rejected the plan.
Following the referandum, the Cyprus issue
has taken a new turn and a new state of affairs has emerged. The Turkish
Cypriots, who expressed willingness for a comprehensive settlement, were denied
accession for EU and continue to be subjected to illegal restrictions and
embargoes, whereas the Greek Cypriot side, which rejected a power-sharing
arrangement with the Turkish Cypriots was allowed to join the EU on 1 May 2004,
and continue to enjoy the benefits of the title of the "Republic of Cyprus",
which they usurped though force of arms in December 1963.
Furthermore, the Greek Cypriot
administration of Southern Cyprus has been trying to deny the Turkish Cypriot
people any opportunity to engage in political, economic, social and sporting
contacts with the rest of the world, aiming to bring about their political,
economic, social and cultural collapse.
The all-encompassing Greek Cypriot
embargoes range from denying the Turkish Cypriot people the right of
representation in international fora; to preventing or restricting their travel
abroad and their communication with the outside world; to curtailing trade and
tourism between the TRNC and the outside world, and to hampering all cultural
and sporting relations of the Turkish Cypriot people with other countries.
These illegal and immoral embargoes
imposed are in blatant violation of the UN Charter and in contravention of the
relevant international human rights instruments. The inhuman embargoes imposed,
do not only violate the basic human rights of the Turkish Cypriots but also the
basic international human rights of the tourists and cannot be justified by mere
political explanations.
Furthermore, the Greek Cypriot
administration is trying to discourage EU citizens who have chosen to enter the
island through the seaports and airports of the TRNC and want to cross to south
Cyprus. Contrary to the propaganda efforts of the Greek Cypriot administration,
according to the "Green Line Regulation" recently adopted by the European
Commission, all EU citizens entering Cyprus via Larnaka (South Cyprus) or Ercan
(TRNC) airports can stay both in the South and in the North, both as individuals
and as groups.
As a result of the unwarranted Greek
Cypriot claim that all ports in the TRNC are "illegal", the international
community is restricting not only the freedom of movement of the Turkish
Cypriots but also of visitors who would like to come to the TRNC. The
requirement of a stopover of aircrafts in Turkey increases the time and cost of
the flight, causes undue inconvenience to the visitors and discourages them from
visiting the TRNC. In this context, air and sea transportation to ports and
airports in North Cyprus should continue without any hindrance so that the
Turkish Cypriots could develop their potential in tourism and trade.
Apart from these, the Greek Cypriot
administration is even blocking the passage of international aid designed to
develop the Turkish Cypriot economy or even to promote the protection and
preservation of antiquities in Northern Cyprus which are not only the monuments
of Cyprus but the whole of humanity over the world.
After the referendum the UN, many world
leaders and international personalities applauded the Turkish Cypriots’
affirmative vote and called for an end to the unjust isolation of the Turkish
Cypriots which has been imposed upon them for over four decades. The UN
Secretary-General H.E. Kofi Annan expressed his views regarding the results of
the referendum in his report on his mission of good offices in Cyprus in the
following fashion: "the Turkish Cypriot vote has
undone any rationale for pressuring and isolating them. I would hope that the
members of the Council can give a strong lead to all states to cooperate both
bilaterally and in international bodies, to eliminate unnecessary restrictions
and barriers that have the effect of isolating the Turkish Cypriots and impeding
their development".
Similarly, on 26 April 2004, the EU
Enlargement Commissioner Gunther Verhaugen has stated that
"..., now we have to end the isolation of the North. The
Commission is ready to take various measures for that aim".
The Organization of the Islam Conference
(OIC) moved in the same direction and adopted a resolution to end the isolation
of the Turkish Cypriot people. Resolution 2/31-P on the situation in Cyprus,
which was adopted during the 31st session of the Islamic Conference of the
Foreign Ministers, has called upon the international community to take immediate
concrete steps aimed at ending the isolation of the Turkish Cypriots and
furthermore urged Member States to closely associate with the Turkish Cypriots
with a view to helping them materially and politically and to increase and
expand their relations in all fields including direct transport, trade, tourism,
culture, information, investment and sports contacts. Moreover, the OIC decided
that the Turkish Cypriot people should continue to participate in the work,
activities and meetings of all OIC organs under the name envisaged by the UN
Secretary-General’s settlement plan, namely as the Turkish Cypriot State. This
was the most recent example, in which the Greek Cypriots engaged in extensive
propaganda efforts to prevent any kind of development in the status of the
Turkish Cypriots and were successful in causing a last minute cancellation of
the high-profile joint EU-Islamic Conference in
H.E. Mr. Tony Blair during his visit to
Turkey on 18 May 2004 stated that "I think it is
important, as I indicated to the Prime Minister, that we end the isolation of
Northern Cyprus... We made it clear we must act now to end the isolation of
Northern Cyprus. That means lifting the embargoes in respect to trade, in
respect to air travel... There was a very clear commitment given to people if
they supported the Annan Plan. They have supported it and we must see that
commitments through".
Unfortunately, although 5 months have
passed since the referendum, there have been no concrete developments in the
status of the Turkish Cypriots and they have been left to their own devices as
none of the promises made by the international community have so far been kept.
In light of the above, it is significant
to acknowledge that the continued recognition of a purely Greek Cypriot regime
as if it were the sole representative of the whole of Cyprus only encourages
Greek Cypriot intransigence. It is obvious that the Greek Cypriot side shall
have no real incentive for a political solution unless it is given the clear
message that the present stalemate brought about by their rejection of the UN
plan does not give them the right to represent, act on behalf or isolate the
Turkish Cypriots any further.
The Turkish Cypriot people only ask for
their decades old unfair punishment to come to an end. The time has come for the
international community, in general, and the EU and the UK, in particular, to
take measures to redress the unjust situation arising from the fact that the
Greek Cypriot side which rejected the UN plan has become an EU member, while the
Turkish Cypriot side, which has approved the plan has not only remained outside
the EU but still continues to be subjected to illegal restrictions and
embargoes.
It is high time that the inhuman embargoes
imposed upon the Turkish Cypriot people are lifted outright and the undeniable
fact that the so called "Government of the Republic of Cyprus" does not and has
no right to represent the Turkish Cypriot people is acknowledged.
The Greek Cypriot side, which
astonishingly managed to convince the world of its political will for a solution
and portrayed the Turkish Cypriot and Turkey as intransigent through the long
process of negotiations, has in fact impeded a solution.
Nevertheless, the EU has accepted the
Greek Cypriot side as a full member of the Union and has, so far, failed to take
any concrete steps to end the isolation of the Turkish Cypriot side. The
problems encountered during the preparation process of the joint EU-OIC meeting
and its last minute cancellation was only one example of Greek Cypriot isolation
policies towards Turkish Cypriots and shows how the EU was hostage to the Greek
Cypriot side’s demands. There are also other existing problems between the EU
and the Turkish Cypriot side; the two regulations, the Free Trade Regulation and
Financial Assistance Regulation prepared after the referendum were also
subjected to Greek Cypriot obstacles, and the Green Line Regulation was
prevented from being implemented. The Turkish Cypriot people expect that the
international community, in general, and the EU, in particular, will respond to
the call of the UN Secretary General to lift the senseless restrictions and
promote relations in all fields and in particular direct transport, trade,
tourism, culture, information, investment and sports contact.
It is an undisputable fact that after the
referendum the parameters have changed. Therefore, if the international
community truly desires to see a comprehensive settlement in Cyprus, it has to
re-diagnose the root cause of the Cyprus issue and adopt a fresh approach, which
takes into account the realities in the island.